Unified single-byte charset detection: Instead of only having trained language models for a handful of languages (Bulgarian, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Russian, Thai, Turkish) and relying on special-case Latin1Prober and MacRomanProber heuristics for Western encodings, chardet now treats all single-byte charsets the same way: every encoding gets proper language-specific bigram models trained on CulturaX corpus data. This means chardet can now accurately detect both the encoding and the language for all supported single-byte encodings.
38 new languages: Arabic, Belarusian, Breton, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Esperanto, Estonian, Farsi, Finnish, French, German, Icelandic, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Kazakh, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malay, Maltese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Scottish Gaelic, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tajik, Ukrainian, Vietnamese, and Welsh. Existing models for Bulgarian, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Russian, Thai, and Turkish were also retrained with the new pipeline.
EncodingEra filtering: New encoding_era parameter to detect allows filtering by an EncodingEra flag enum (MODERN_WEB, LEGACY_ISO, LEGACY_MAC, LEGACY_REGIONAL, DOS, MAINFRAME, ALL) allows callers to restrict detection to encodings from a specific era. detect() and detect_all() default to MODERN_WEB. The new MODERN_WEB default should drastically improve accuracy for users who are not working with legacy data. The tiers are:
MODERN_WEB: UTF-8/16/32, Windows-125x, CP874, CJK multi-byte (widely used on the web)
LEGACY_ISO: ISO-8859-x, KOI8-R/U (legacy but well-known standards)
--encoding-era CLI flag: The chardetect CLI now accepts -e/--encoding-era to control which encoding eras are considered during detection.
max_bytes and chunk_size parameters: detect(), detect_all(), and UniversalDetector now accept max_bytes (default 200KB) and chunk_size (default 64KB) parameters for controlling how much data is examined. (#314, @bysiber)
Encoding era preference tie-breaking: When multiple encodings have very close confidence scores, the detector now prefers more modern/Unicode encodings over legacy ones.
Charset metadata registry: New chardet.metadata.charsets module provides structured metadata about all supported encodings, including their era classification and language filter.
should_rename_legacy now defaults intelligently: When set to None (the new default), legacy renaming is automatically enabled when encoding_era is MODERN_WEB.
Direct GB18030 support: Replaced the redundant GB2312 prober with a proper GB18030 prober.
EBCDIC detection: Added CP037 and CP500 EBCDIC model registrations for mainframe encoding detection.
Binary file detection: Added basic binary file detection to abort analysis earlier on non-text files.
Fix CP949 state machine: Corrected the state machine for Korean CP949 encoding detection. (#268, @nenw)
Fix SJIS distribution analysis: Fixed SJISDistributionAnalysis discarding valid second-byte range >= 0x80. (#315, @bysiber)
Fix UTF-16/32 detection for non-ASCII-heavy text: Improved detection of UTF-16/32 encoded CJK and other non-ASCII text by adding a MIN_RATIO threshold alongside the existing EXPECTED_RATIO.
Fix get_charset crash: Resolved a crash when looking up unknown charset names.
Fix GB18030 char_len_table: Corrected the character length table for GB18030 multi-byte sequences.
Fix UTF-8 state machine: Updated to be more spec-compliant.
Fix detect_all() returning inactive probers: Results from probers that determined "definitely not this encoding" are now excluded.
Fix early cutoff bug: Resolved an issue where detection could terminate prematurely.
Default UTF-8 fallback: If UTF-8 has not been ruled out and nothing else is above the minimum threshold, UTF-8 is now returned as the default.
Breaking changes
Dropped Python 3.7, 3.8, and 3.9 support: Now requires Python 3.10+. (#283, @hugovk)
Removed Latin1Prober and MacRomanProber: These special-case probers have been replaced by the unified model-based approach described above. Latin-1, MacRoman, and all other single-byte encodings are now detected by SingleByteCharSetProber with trained language models, giving better accuracy and language identification.
Removed EUC-TW support: EUC-TW encoding detection has been removed as it is extremely rare in practice.
LanguageFilter.NONE removed: Use specific language filters or LanguageFilter.ALL instead.
Enum types changed: InputState, ProbingState, MachineState, SequenceLikelihood, and CharacterCategory are now IntEnum (previously plain classes or Enum). LanguageFilter values changed from hardcoded hex to auto().
detect() default behavior change: detect() now defaults to encoding_era=EncodingEra.MODERN_WEB and should_rename_legacy=None (auto-enabled for MODERN_WEB), whereas previously it defaulted to considering all encodings with no legacy renaming.
Misc changes
Switched from Poetry/setuptools to uv + hatchling: Build system modernized with hatch-vcs for version management.
License text updated: Updated LGPLv2.1 license text and FSF notices to use URL instead of mailing address. (#304, #307, @musicinmybrain)
CulturaX-based model training: The create_language_model.py training script was rewritten to use the CulturaX multilingual corpus instead of Wikipedia, producing higher quality bigram frequency models.
Language class converted to frozen dataclass: The language metadata class now uses @dataclass(frozen=True) with num_training_docs and num_training_chars fields replacing wiki_start_pages.
Test infrastructure: Added pytest-timeout and pytest-xdist for faster parallel test execution. Reorganized test data directories.
Contributors
Thank you to everyone who contributed to this release!
This PR contains the following updates:
| Package | Update | Change |
|---|---|---|
| [chardet](https://github.com/chardet/chardet) | major | `==5.2.0` → `==6.0.0.post1` |
---
### Release Notes
<details>
<summary>chardet/chardet (chardet)</summary>
### [`v6.0.0`](https://github.com/chardet/chardet/releases/tag/6.0.0)
[Compare Source](https://github.com/chardet/chardet/compare/5.2.0...6.0.0)
##### Features
- **Unified single-byte charset detection**: Instead of only having trained language models for a handful of languages (Bulgarian, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Russian, Thai, Turkish) and relying on special-case `Latin1Prober` and `MacRomanProber` heuristics for Western encodings, chardet now treats all single-byte charsets the same way: every encoding gets proper language-specific bigram models trained on CulturaX corpus data. This means chardet can now accurately detect both the encoding *and* the language for all supported single-byte encodings.
- **38 new languages**: Arabic, Belarusian, Breton, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, English, Esperanto, Estonian, Farsi, Finnish, French, German, Icelandic, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Kazakh, Latvian, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Malay, Maltese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Scottish Gaelic, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Tajik, Ukrainian, Vietnamese, and Welsh. Existing models for Bulgarian, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Russian, Thai, and Turkish were also retrained with the new pipeline.
- **`EncodingEra` filtering**: New `encoding_era` parameter to `detect` allows filtering by an `EncodingEra` flag enum (`MODERN_WEB`, `LEGACY_ISO`, `LEGACY_MAC`, `LEGACY_REGIONAL`, `DOS`, `MAINFRAME`, `ALL`) allows callers to restrict detection to encodings from a specific era. `detect()` and `detect_all()` default to `MODERN_WEB`. The new `MODERN_WEB` default should drastically improve accuracy for users who are not working with legacy data. The tiers are:
- `MODERN_WEB`: UTF-8/16/32, Windows-125x, CP874, CJK multi-byte (widely used on the web)
- `LEGACY_ISO`: ISO-8859-x, KOI8-R/U (legacy but well-known standards)
- `LEGACY_MAC`: Mac-specific encodings (MacRoman, MacCyrillic, etc.)
- `LEGACY_REGIONAL`: Uncommon regional/national encodings (KOI8-T, KZ1048, CP1006, etc.)
- `DOS`: DOS/OEM code pages (CP437, CP850, CP866, etc.)
- `MAINFRAME`: EBCDIC variants (CP037, CP500, etc.)
- **`--encoding-era` CLI flag**: The `chardetect` CLI now accepts `-e`/`--encoding-era` to control which encoding eras are considered during detection.
- **`max_bytes` and `chunk_size` parameters**: `detect()`, `detect_all()`, and `UniversalDetector` now accept `max_bytes` (default 200KB) and `chunk_size` (default 64KB) parameters for controlling how much data is examined. ([#​314](https://github.com/chardet/chardet/issues/314), [@​bysiber](https://github.com/bysiber))
- **Encoding era preference tie-breaking**: When multiple encodings have very close confidence scores, the detector now prefers more modern/Unicode encodings over legacy ones.
- **Charset metadata registry**: New `chardet.metadata.charsets` module provides structured metadata about all supported encodings, including their era classification and language filter.
- **`should_rename_legacy` now defaults intelligently**: When set to `None` (the new default), legacy renaming is automatically enabled when `encoding_era` is `MODERN_WEB`.
- **Direct GB18030 support**: Replaced the redundant GB2312 prober with a proper GB18030 prober.
- **EBCDIC detection**: Added CP037 and CP500 EBCDIC model registrations for mainframe encoding detection.
- **Binary file detection**: Added basic binary file detection to abort analysis earlier on non-text files.
- **Python 3.12, 3.13, and 3.14 support** ([#​283](https://github.com/chardet/chardet/issues/283), [@​hugovk](https://github.com/hugovk); [#​311](https://github.com/chardet/chardet/issues/311))
- **GitHub Codespace support** ([#​312](https://github.com/chardet/chardet/issues/312), [@​oxygen-dioxide](https://github.com/oxygen-dioxide))
##### Fixes
- **Fix CP949 state machine**: Corrected the state machine for Korean CP949 encoding detection. ([#​268](https://github.com/chardet/chardet/issues/268), [@​nenw](https://github.com/nenw))
- **Fix SJIS distribution analysis**: Fixed `SJISDistributionAnalysis` discarding valid second-byte range >= 0x80. ([#​315](https://github.com/chardet/chardet/issues/315), [@​bysiber](https://github.com/bysiber))
- **Fix UTF-16/32 detection for non-ASCII-heavy text**: Improved detection of UTF-16/32 encoded CJK and other non-ASCII text by adding a `MIN_RATIO` threshold alongside the existing `EXPECTED_RATIO`.
- **Fix `get_charset` crash**: Resolved a crash when looking up unknown charset names.
- **Fix GB18030 `char_len_table`**: Corrected the character length table for GB18030 multi-byte sequences.
- **Fix UTF-8 state machine**: Updated to be more spec-compliant.
- **Fix `detect_all()` returning inactive probers**: Results from probers that determined "definitely not this encoding" are now excluded.
- **Fix early cutoff bug**: Resolved an issue where detection could terminate prematurely.
- **Default UTF-8 fallback**: If UTF-8 has not been ruled out and nothing else is above the minimum threshold, UTF-8 is now returned as the default.
##### Breaking changes
- **Dropped Python 3.7, 3.8, and 3.9 support**: Now requires Python 3.10+. ([#​283](https://github.com/chardet/chardet/issues/283), [@​hugovk](https://github.com/hugovk))
- **Removed `Latin1Prober` and `MacRomanProber`**: These special-case probers have been replaced by the unified model-based approach described above. Latin-1, MacRoman, and all other single-byte encodings are now detected by `SingleByteCharSetProber` with trained language models, giving better accuracy and language identification.
- **Removed EUC-TW support**: EUC-TW encoding detection has been removed as it is extremely rare in practice.
- **`LanguageFilter.NONE` removed**: Use specific language filters or `LanguageFilter.ALL` instead.
- **Enum types changed**: `InputState`, `ProbingState`, `MachineState`, `SequenceLikelihood`, and `CharacterCategory` are now `IntEnum` (previously plain classes or `Enum`). `LanguageFilter` values changed from hardcoded hex to `auto()`.
- **`detect()` default behavior change**: `detect()` now defaults to `encoding_era=EncodingEra.MODERN_WEB` and `should_rename_legacy=None` (auto-enabled for `MODERN_WEB`), whereas previously it defaulted to considering all encodings with no legacy renaming.
##### Misc changes
- **Switched from Poetry/setuptools to uv + hatchling**: Build system modernized with `hatch-vcs` for version management.
- **License text updated**: Updated LGPLv2.1 license text and FSF notices to use URL instead of mailing address. ([#​304](https://github.com/chardet/chardet/issues/304), [#​307](https://github.com/chardet/chardet/issues/307), [@​musicinmybrain](https://github.com/musicinmybrain))
- **CulturaX-based model training**: The `create_language_model.py` training script was rewritten to use the CulturaX multilingual corpus instead of Wikipedia, producing higher quality bigram frequency models.
- **`Language` class converted to frozen dataclass**: The language metadata class now uses `@dataclass(frozen=True)` with `num_training_docs` and `num_training_chars` fields replacing `wiki_start_pages`.
- **Test infrastructure**: Added `pytest-timeout` and `pytest-xdist` for faster parallel test execution. Reorganized test data directories.
##### Contributors
Thank you to everyone who contributed to this release!
- [@​dan-blanchard](https://github.com/dan-blanchard) (Dan Blanchard)
- [@​bysiber](https://github.com/bysiber) (Kadir Can Ozden)
- [@​musicinmybrain](https://github.com/musicinmybrain) (Ben Beasley)
- [@​hugovk](https://github.com/hugovk) (Hugo van Kemenade)
- [@​oxygen-dioxide](https://github.com/oxygen-dioxide)
- [@​nenw](https://github.com/nenw)
And a special thanks to [@​helour](https://github.com/helour), whose earlier Latin-1 prober work from an abandoned PR helped inform the approach taken in this release.
</details>
---
### Configuration
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♻ **Rebasing**: Whenever PR becomes conflicted, or you tick the rebase/retry checkbox.
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---
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This PR contains the following updates:
==5.2.0→==6.0.0.post1Release Notes
chardet/chardet (chardet)
v6.0.0Compare Source
Features
Latin1ProberandMacRomanProberheuristics for Western encodings, chardet now treats all single-byte charsets the same way: every encoding gets proper language-specific bigram models trained on CulturaX corpus data. This means chardet can now accurately detect both the encoding and the language for all supported single-byte encodings.EncodingErafiltering: Newencoding_eraparameter todetectallows filtering by anEncodingEraflag enum (MODERN_WEB,LEGACY_ISO,LEGACY_MAC,LEGACY_REGIONAL,DOS,MAINFRAME,ALL) allows callers to restrict detection to encodings from a specific era.detect()anddetect_all()default toMODERN_WEB. The newMODERN_WEBdefault should drastically improve accuracy for users who are not working with legacy data. The tiers are:MODERN_WEB: UTF-8/16/32, Windows-125x, CP874, CJK multi-byte (widely used on the web)LEGACY_ISO: ISO-8859-x, KOI8-R/U (legacy but well-known standards)LEGACY_MAC: Mac-specific encodings (MacRoman, MacCyrillic, etc.)LEGACY_REGIONAL: Uncommon regional/national encodings (KOI8-T, KZ1048, CP1006, etc.)DOS: DOS/OEM code pages (CP437, CP850, CP866, etc.)MAINFRAME: EBCDIC variants (CP037, CP500, etc.)--encoding-eraCLI flag: ThechardetectCLI now accepts-e/--encoding-erato control which encoding eras are considered during detection.max_bytesandchunk_sizeparameters:detect(),detect_all(), andUniversalDetectornow acceptmax_bytes(default 200KB) andchunk_size(default 64KB) parameters for controlling how much data is examined. (#314, @bysiber)chardet.metadata.charsetsmodule provides structured metadata about all supported encodings, including their era classification and language filter.should_rename_legacynow defaults intelligently: When set toNone(the new default), legacy renaming is automatically enabled whenencoding_eraisMODERN_WEB.Fixes
SJISDistributionAnalysisdiscarding valid second-byte range >= 0x80. (#315, @bysiber)MIN_RATIOthreshold alongside the existingEXPECTED_RATIO.get_charsetcrash: Resolved a crash when looking up unknown charset names.char_len_table: Corrected the character length table for GB18030 multi-byte sequences.detect_all()returning inactive probers: Results from probers that determined "definitely not this encoding" are now excluded.Breaking changes
Latin1ProberandMacRomanProber: These special-case probers have been replaced by the unified model-based approach described above. Latin-1, MacRoman, and all other single-byte encodings are now detected bySingleByteCharSetProberwith trained language models, giving better accuracy and language identification.LanguageFilter.NONEremoved: Use specific language filters orLanguageFilter.ALLinstead.InputState,ProbingState,MachineState,SequenceLikelihood, andCharacterCategoryare nowIntEnum(previously plain classes orEnum).LanguageFiltervalues changed from hardcoded hex toauto().detect()default behavior change:detect()now defaults toencoding_era=EncodingEra.MODERN_WEBandshould_rename_legacy=None(auto-enabled forMODERN_WEB), whereas previously it defaulted to considering all encodings with no legacy renaming.Misc changes
hatch-vcsfor version management.create_language_model.pytraining script was rewritten to use the CulturaX multilingual corpus instead of Wikipedia, producing higher quality bigram frequency models.Languageclass converted to frozen dataclass: The language metadata class now uses@dataclass(frozen=True)withnum_training_docsandnum_training_charsfields replacingwiki_start_pages.pytest-timeoutandpytest-xdistfor faster parallel test execution. Reorganized test data directories.Contributors
Thank you to everyone who contributed to this release!
And a special thanks to @helour, whose earlier Latin-1 prober work from an abandoned PR helped inform the approach taken in this release.
Configuration
📅 Schedule: Branch creation - At any time (no schedule defined), Automerge - At any time (no schedule defined).
🚦 Automerge: Disabled by config. Please merge this manually once you are satisfied.
♻ Rebasing: Whenever PR becomes conflicted, or you tick the rebase/retry checkbox.
🔕 Ignore: Close this PR and you won't be reminded about this update again.
This PR has been generated by Renovate Bot.
ac68a94d10to1d4ea2436d